M Theory Lesson 133

Lecture 3 by James Dolan starts with diagrams for the subgroups of $S_3$. For example, the cyclic group produces a diagram where all three green vertices have been identified by rotations of the triangle, as have the blue vertices. Now we see the need for the Young diagram boxes, which can represent indeterminate elements of a set. This example splits the six elements of the group into two sets of three permutations, represented by the two triangles. One such set appeared as a basis for the mass matrix Fourier transform. M theory is like a child's game of connect the dots.